Scraper



May 6, 1930. w. v. Hu'rcHisoN 1,757,251

scRAPnn Filed Aug. 17. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I 1 6 we M0 hike" 'May 6, 1930. w..v. HUTCHISON 1,757,251

S CRAPER Filed Aug. 1'7. 192'! 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 6, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC Application filed August 17, 1927. Serial No. 213,598.

This invention relates to scrapers, and more particularly to a device that will effectively scrape the surface of the ground and pick up loose material or earth upon the ground so as to level the same.

The primary object of this invention is to provide acontrol mechanism for scrapers of the revolving type by which the movement thereof to loading position and the movement thereof out of such position when loaded is automatically accomplished and the scraper positively maintained in these respective positions solely by the drag on the same, thereby obviating the need of any manual and other means of control for this purpose.

With these and many other objects in view, which will more readily appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangements of parts, which will hereinafter be more fully described, il-

lustrated, and claimed. I

The essential features of the invention in volved in the carrying out of the objects indicated are susceptible to modification; but a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which: i R

Figure '1 is a perspective view showing the, device in assembled relation, performing the scraping operation.

ig. 2 is a perspective view showing the device in assembled relation in such a position that when the same is towed, it will not affect the surface of the ground.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the device showing the same in position for scraping.

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the device in position for scraping.

The figures described above adequately illustrate my invention, and the following detailed description is commensurate with the above mentioned drawings in enabling an artisan to construct and assemble the constitutent parts of the same.

Similar characters of referencev are employed in all of the above described views to indicate corresponding parts. I The device involves in its general organization, a pair of 50 arcuate end pieces 10 and 11, provided with arms 17" suitable distance and are connected together by a sheet of material 14 which is arcuate in cross section. The flat edges of the end pieces 10 and 11 are connected together by a flat sheet of material 35. It will be under stood that the sheet of material which is arcuate in cross section does not completely surround the arcuate portions of the end pieces, but extends only artially around the same and with the end pieces 10 and 11 constitutes substantially a cylindrical bowl or receptacle in which the plane sheet 35 forms a scraping member. The receptacle, composed as described, is provided with trunnions 1'5 and 16, which are concentric with the arcuate ends 10 and 11, of the bowl, but eccentric to the plane or flat scraping member 35, and theyv form pivots and fulcrums as in the manner and for the purpose, hereinafter specified. .Upon said trunnions'15 and 16 are fulcrumed bell crank levers 17 and 18 which also constitute pivotal bearings for the bowl, whereby the same may move in one direction relative to said levers 17 and 18 and be moved by said levers in another direction, as explained later. The arms 17 and 18' of the bell crank levers 17 and 18 project above the arcuate ends 10 and 11 of the bowl or scraper and provide bearings for a cross bar 19, which is held in connection therewith by any suitable'means, as cotter pins 20. The other and 18" of the bell crank lever extend below the fulcrum trunn'ions 15 and 16 on the bowl and to the ends thereof are pivotally connected a means by which the scraper may be drawn, such means comprising in this instance, a pair of converging arms 20 and 21, which are rlveted together as at 22 through a central strut 23 which extends between said arms, which are braced by a crosspiece 24. The point of pivotal connection between the draft means and the ends of the arms 17 and 18", it will be observed, is below the fulcrum-pivot trunnions 15 and 16. Means for restricting the pivotal or circular movement of the bowl and for interlocking the same with said bellcrank levers 17 and 18 for movement of the bowl thereby and therewith is provided by stirrups which may comprise pairs of parallel arms designated at and 26, connected to the bar 19, and their outer ends are connected by stops 27 and 28. Riveted, bolted or otherwise secured to each of the end pieces 10 and "11, are a pair of stops 29 and 30, each of which has a projection 31 extending beyond the periphery of the arcuate ends, the stops 3O arranged for engagement by the stirrup to restrict the pivotal movement of the bowl, and to interlock the bell crank levers therewith, and the stops 29 serving to maintain the bowl in rigid position for spreading the material de osited thereby.

ese stops 29 and as seen, are adj ustably mounted for obvious purposes and extend beyond the periphery of the arcuate ends 10 and 11. A lever for rotating said bar 19 is provided at 32, and has diverging struts 33 and 34 extending to the cross bar 19. The lever 32 extends between these struts and also is connected to the cross bar 19 as at 37. Suitable ruImers 38 and 39 are attached to the end pieces 10 and 11, and occupy symmetrical positions thereon. These runners are merely flat pieces of hardened steel. A strengthening member 40 extends between the flat sheet of material 35 and arcuate sheet of material 14, and is strung across the dirt-receiving opening formed by these two sheets of material and the end pieces when assembled.

The parts thus far described 1n essence constitute my invention, and certain minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the claims.

The normal position of the bowl 14 and its parts is substantially as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, it being noted that the steps 30 on the respective ends 11 and 12 .of the bowl or receptacle are spaced a predetermined distance from and rearwardly of the stirrups 25 and 2c. I

Assuming that a pull is exerted upon the bowl 1 1, through the cooperative mechanism described and including the trunnions 15 and 16, the bell-crank levers 17 and 18 and the draft lever 20, it, the bowl 14, as its plane surface 35 encounters the ground surface, will rotate relatively to the bell-crank levers 15 and 16. Since the connection of the draft lever 20 with the bell crank arms 17" and 18" is below the trunnions 15 and 16, the pressure resulting from a pull on the bowl is forwardly directed and the frictional resistance offered by the ground causes the bowl to tilt forward automatically and the plate or plane floor 35 to assume a position angularly with respect to the ground surface. The degree of angularity of such plate 35 is controlled entirely by the relative normal distance of separation, between the co-acting stops and stirrups by which the forward revolutionary .movement of the bowl is limited. I So soon as there is an engagement of the bowl stops 30 Y with the stirrups 25 and 26, the plane surface 35 begins to bite into the ground to a distance predetermined by the angularity of the surthe contour of the surface over which it is drawn, and thereby will effectively level uueren surfaces.

hen now the bowl is filled with material, 1

the weight thereof necessitates an increased pull on the draft 20 of the device and such increased pull-exerted as it is on the arms 17 and 18" of the bell crank levers 17 and 18, is communicated to the'lever arms 17' and 18, which, as will be clear are interlocked with the bowl through the engagement of the stops with the stirrups, the constant forward roll ing tendency of the bowl positively insuring this engagement. The increased pull on the arms 17 and 18", has a tendency to move the bell crank levers 17 and 18 about their trunnions 15 and 16, but because of the interlocking of the bell crank levers with the bowl 14, no relative movement of such bell crank levers is possible, and hence as the pull on the arms 17" and 18" is increased the pressure rearwardly on the arms 17' and 18' is correspondingly increased, and since the increased pull is in an upward direction, the bowl is carried with them. Thereby the bowl, aided by the displacement of the gravitational center due to the load therein is positionally and automatically tilted rearwardly, whereby the plane surface 35 of the bowl is removed-from its angular cutting or biting position and restored to 'a position substantially parallel with-the surface operated over. Due to the interlock, as described, the rigidity of which is permanently insured while the bowl, with its full load is dragged over the ground, the plane surface 35 is maintained in positive parallelism with respect to the ground surface, and thereby rides over uneven contours without cutting them and without losing its load. This is primarily due to the pivotal connections of the draft bar or frame with the arms 17 and 18 of the bell crank levers 17 and 18, such pivotal connections enabling the draft bar to pivot freely while dragging the loaded bowl. That small proportion of the load which by reason of vibration or other causes might fall'in front of the dragged bowl is crowdedahead by it and regathered.

The maintenance of the plane surface of the bowl in substantial parallelism with the ground surface is highly important for the reason that no portion of the load escaping from the bowl may pass under the plane surface 35, thereof with the result that the greater proportion of the load would be lost long before the bowl was dragged to its place of discharge. It will thus be seen that movement ofthe bowl to loading position and the movement of the bowl out of such position when loaded is wholly automatic.

When the bowl is to be dumped, the lever 32 is manipulated by the operator, and the stirrups and 26 are removed from the path of travel of the stops 30, thereby the bowl may revolve relative to the bell crank levers 17 and 18. The lever 32 is also operable to move the stirrups 25 and 26 into the path of the stops 29, for holding the bowl so that the I forwardly and downwardly withrespect to edge of the plane surface 35 thereof will be maintained at a desirable elevation above the ground for spreading the contents thereof.

It is obvious then that I have provided a device-that is extremely useful. There are no fine adjustments to make, no heavy lever to operate for every load, and few moving parts to wear and get out of order.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, use and many advantages of the herein-described scraper will be adequately understood. It will be further understood that certain material alterations in the construction may be effected without having a deleterious effect upon the efliciency of my device.

The minor details in the construction of this device will at all times of course, be performed within the scope and spirit of the sub-joined claims, v

What I claim by this invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a scraper of.the character described,

a bowl, bell crank levers fulcrumed on the bowl, one arm of each of said levers extending the horizontal plane of the lever fulcrums and the other end of each ofsaid levers project ers, a bowl, levers trunnioned on said bowl 7 C5 and relatively to which said bowl may rotate,

a draft frame pivotally connected to one end of said levers to exert a pull thereon and thereby cause said bowl to pivot to loading position, and means for interlocking the other end of said levers with said bowl to maintain the bowl in loading position, and to move saidbowl when loaded position.

3. In a control mechanism for revolving scrapers, a bowl, levers'trunnioned' on said bow1,.a draft frame connected to one end of each of said levers below the horizontal plane of the bowl trunnions for exerting a' pull thereon to cause the bowl to pivot to loading position, and mutually engaging means on the other end of each of said levers and on the bowl for holding the bowl in loading position and automatically rocking the bowl out of loading position when the load in the bowl increases the pull on said levers.

4. In a. control mechanism for revolving scrapers, a bowl, bell crankleyers trunnioned on the bowl and relative 'to which said bowl may pivot, one arm of each of said bell crank levers extending below the horizontal plane of said trunnions and the other arm of each levers projecting beyond the bowl, adraft frame pivotally connected to the downwardly extending arms of said bell crank levers for exerting a pull thereon to cause the bowl to pivot to loading position, means on the bowl and means on the pro ecting arms of said out of loading levers arranged for mutual engagement to 7 hold the bowl in loading position and to rock the bowl out of'loading position when the load in the bowlincreases the pull on said downwardly extending arms of said bell crank levers, and manual means to move said means on the projecting arms of saidbell crank levers out of engagement with the means on said bowl to leave the bowl free to revolve relatively to said lovers.

5. In a control mechanism for revolving scrapers, a bowl, bell crank levers trunnioned on said bowl, one armof each of said levers extending forwardly and downwardlv with respect to the horizontal plane of said trunnions, and the other arm of each of said levers projecting beyond the bowl, a draft frame pivotally connected to the downwardly extending arms of said levers for exerting a pull thereon to cause the bowl to move automatically to loading position, means on the bowl and the projecting arms of said levers mutually engageable automatically to maintain the bowl in loading position and to cause the bowl to be rocked out of loading position when the pull on the downwardly extending arms of the bell crank levers is increased by the load in the bowl.

6. In a control mechanism for revolving scrapers, a bowl, bell crank levers trunnioned on said bowl, one arm of each of said levers extending forwardly and-downwardly withrespect to the horizontal plane of the trunl g is increased by the load in the bowl, and

nions, and the other arm of each of said levers projecting beyond the bowl, a draft frame ivot'ed to the downwardly extending arms or exerting a pull thereon to cause the bowl to move to loading position, means on the bowl and the projecting arms of said levers mutually engageable automatically to maintain the bowl in loading position and to cause the bowl to rock out of loading position when the pull on thedownwardly extending lever means for manually operating the means on the projecting arms of said levers out of engagement with the means on said bowl to leave the bowl free to ivot on the levers.

7. In a control devlce for revolving scrapers, a bowl, bell crank levers trunnioned on said bowl, one arm of each of said levers extending forwardly and downwardly with respect to the horizontal plane of said trunnions and the other arm' of each of said levers projecting beyond the bowl, a draft frame pivoted to the downwardly extending arms of said levers for exerting pull thereon to cause the same to move to loading position,

and means on said projecting arms 'controllable entirely by the pull on said downwardly extending arms to rock said bowl out of loading position.

8. In a control mechanism for revolvin scrapers, a bowl, bell crank levers fulcrume on said bowl, one arm of each of said levers extending forwardly and downwardly with respect to the horizontal plane of sald fulcrums and the other arm of each of said levers projecting beyond said bowl, a draft frame pivoted to the downwardly extending arms ofsaid levers for exerting a pull thereon to cause the same automatically to move to loading position, means for interlocking the projecting arms of said levers with the bowl to hold same in loading position, and to rock said bowl out of loading position when the pull on said downwardly extending lever is increased by the load in the bowl. In testimony whereofI have signed my name to this specification.

W. V. HUTCHISON. 

